Sunday 30 October 2011

What is design for print?//Laminate.


DEFINITIONS OF LAMINATE


lam·i·nate
noun /-nit/  /-ˌnāt/ 
laminates, plural
  1. A laminated structure or material, esp. one made of layers fixed together to form a hard, flat, or flexible material

verb /ˈlaməˌnāt/ 
laminated, past participle; laminated, past tense; laminates, 3rd person singular present; laminating, present participle
  1. Overlay (a flat surface, esp. paper) with a layer of plastic or some other protective material

  2. Manufacture by placing layer on layer

  3. Split into layers or leaves

  4. Beat or roll (metal) into thin plates

adjective /-nit/  /-ˌnāt/ 
  1. In the form of a lamina or laminae



Web definitions
  • create laminate by bonding sheets of material with a bonding material

  • a sheet of material made by bonding two or more sheets or layers

  • press or beat (metals) into thin sheets

  • cover with a thin sheet of non-fabric material; "laminate the table"

  • (lamination) a layered structure

  • (lamination) bonding thin sheets together


A laminate is a material that can be constructed by uniting two or more layers of material together. The process of creating a laminate is lamination, which in common parlance refers to the placing of something between layers of plastic and gluing them with heat and/or pressure, usually with an adhesive. However, in electrical engineering, lamination is a construction technique used to reduce unwanted heating effects due to eddy currents in components, such as the magnetic cores of transformers.

Materials

There are different lamination processes, depending on the type of materials to be laminated. The materials used in laminates can be the same or different, depending on the processes and the object to be laminated. An example of the type of laminate using different materials would be the application of a layer of plastic film — the "laminate" — on either side of a sheet of glass — the laminated subject.
Vehicle windshields are commonly made by laminating a tough plastic film between two layers of glass. Plywood is a common example of a laminate using the same material in each layer. Glued and laminated dimensioned timber is used in the construction industry to make wooden beams, Glulam, with sizes larger and stronger than can be obtained from single pieces of wood. Another reason to laminate wooden strips into beams is quality control, as with this method each and every strip can be inspected before it becomes part of a highly stressed component such as an aircraft undercarriage.
Examples of laminate materials include Formica and plywood. Formica, which refers to a specific brand name of materials by its manufacturer with the same name, and similar plastic laminates are used in the production of decorative laminates, using either a high or low pressure thermo-processing system. Decorative laminates (such as Maica Laminates, Wilsonart or Laminart) are produced with kraft papers and decorative papers with a layer of overlay on top of the decorative paper, set before pressing them with thermoprocessing into high-pressure decorative laminates. A new type of HPDL is produced using real wood veneer or multilaminar veneer as top surface. Alpikord produced by Alpi spa and Veneer-Art, produced by Lamin-Art are examples of these types of laminate. High-pressure laminates consists of laminates "molded and cured at pressures not lower than 1,000 lb per sq in. (70 kg per sq cm) and more commonly in the range of 1,200 to 2,000 lb per sq in. (84 to 140 kg per sq cm). Meanwhile, low Pressure laminate is defined as "a plastic laminate molded and cured at pressures in general of 400 pounds per square inch (approximately 27 atmospheres or 2.8 x 106 pascals).
Laminating paper, such as photographs, can prevent it from becoming creased, sun damaged, wrinkled, stained, smudged, abraded and/or marked by grease, fingerprints and environmental concerns. Photo identification cards and credit cards are almost always laminated with plastic film. Boxes and other containers are also laminated using a UV coating. Lamination is also used in sculpture using wood or resin. An example of an artist who used lamination in his work is the American, Floyd Shaman.
Further, laminates can be used to add properties to a surface, usually printed paper, that would not have them otherwise. Sheets of vinyl impregnated with ferro-magnetic material can allow portable printed images to bond to magnets, such as for a custom bulletin board or a visual presentation. Specially surfaced plastic sheets can be laminated over a printed image to allow them to be safely written upon, such as with dry erase markers or chalk. Multiple translucent printed images may be laminated in layers to achieve certain visual effects or to hold holographic images. Many printing businesses that do commercial lamination keep a variety of laminates on hand, as the process for bonding many types is generally similar when working with arbitrarily thin material.

Invention

Lamination was invented by Dr. Morris M. Blum, DDS, a dentist in 1938. Although it may sound surprising, it turns out that dental laminate was the inspiration for the first lamination of a photograph. Dr. Blum used clear resin that was normally used for capping and bonding teeth to laminate a photograph of his wife. He is recognized to this date for his contributions with a special scholarship fund at the University of Minnesota.

Types of laminators

Three types of laminators are used most often in digital imaging:
  • Pouch laminators
  • Heated roll laminators
  • Cold roll laminators

Film types

Laminate film is generally categorized into these five categories:
  • Standard thermal laminating films
  • Low-temperature thermal laminating films
  • Heatset (or heat-assisted) laminating films
  • Pressure-sensitive films
  • Liquid laminate
IMAGES OF LAMINATE


http://www.menushop.co.uk/images/products/huge/ex-lam-double-12a4.jpg






http://watershed-packaging.co.uk/wp-content/themes/shopperpress/thumbs/flexible-packaging-strip-laminate.jpg


1 comment:

  1. Stylam Industries Limited has been providing high quality laminates to its customers since 1991. By striving to incorporate the latest technologies with time proven manufacturing processes Stylam will continue to redefine customer expectations.

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